The IEA's ASEAN Energy Security Review projects Southeast Asian electricity demand to grow about 5.4% annually in 2026-2030, coal demand about 4.4% and gas consumption more than 3%. ASEAN net oil-product imports could rise about 5% between 2025 and 2031. Cooling, data centres and industry drive demand, while concentrated routes, import dependence and extreme weather compound risks. The report calls for diversified sources and routes, faster electrification and efficiency, and operational monitoring, emergency procedures and mutual support through the ASEAN Power Grid, the trans-ASEAN gas framework and regional petroleum-security arrangements.