Seven of nine planetary boundaries are beyond the safe range

The Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research published a 120-page annual assessment involving more than 60 scientists. It finds climate change, biosphere integrity, land systems, freshwater, biogeochemical flows, novel entities and ocean acidification beyond their boundaries, with all seven worsening. Stratospheric ozone and atmospheric aerosol loading remain globally within the safe range, though regional risks still matter.